Abraham, Isaac and Jacob

The history of the Jewish people begins with the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. According to Jewish tradition, Abraham was born in the city of Ur in Mesopotamia, which is now modern-day Iraq. God called Abraham to leave his homeland and travel to Canaan, which is now modern-day Israel. Abraham obeyed God's call and became the first person to establish a covenant, or special agreement, with God. In exchange for his loyalty and faith, God promised Abraham that his descendants would become a great nation and inherit the land of Canaan.
Abraham's son Isaac and grandson Jacob continued his legacy. Jacob, who was also known as Israel, had twelve sons who became the heads of the twelve tribes of Israel. One of Jacob's sons, Joseph, was sold into slavery by his brothers but eventually became a powerful ruler in Egypt. When a famine struck the land of Canaan, Jacob and his family moved to Egypt to live with Joseph.

Over time, the descendants of Jacob's family grew into a large population in Egypt. But the Egyptians began to fear the Israelites' growing power and enslaved them. The Israelites remained in slavery for four hundred years until God sent Moses to lead them out of Egypt. With God's help, Moses led the Israelites through the Red Sea and into the wilderness, where God gave them the Ten Commandments and other laws that would govern their lives.
The Israelites eventually arrived at the land of Canaan, which God had promised to Abraham. Under the leadership of Joshua, they conquered the land and established the Kingdom of Israel. The Israelites were ruled by a series of judges and then by kings, including Saul, David, and Solomon. During this time, the Temple in Jerusalem was built as the center of Jewish worship.

However, the kingdom was eventually divided into two separate kingdoms, Israel in the north and Judah in the south. Both kingdoms were conquered by various empires over the centuries, including the Babylonians and the Romans. The Second Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE, and many Jews were killed or exiled. The Jewish people continued to live in the land of Israel, however, and developed a strong sense of community and religious identity.
Throughout their history, the Jewish people have faced many challenges, including persecution and exile. But they have also made significant contributions to world culture and civilization. The Jewish people have given the world the Hebrew Bible, which is the foundation of both Judaism and Christianity. Jewish thinkers and scholars have also made important contributions to philosophy, science, literature, and the arts. Today, the Jewish people continue to be a vibrant and dynamic community, committed to their faith and their heritage.

Шавуот — праздник дарования Торы

И праздник Шавуот соблюдай, праздник первинок, когда начинаешь жатву пшеницы. (Шмот, 33) Четыре названия у этого праздника: Шавуот, Праздник бикурим, Ацерет и Праздник дарования Торы. Источник названия Шавуот заключен в тех семи неделях (шавуот), которые отсчитывают от праздника Песах. Эти семь недель заканчиваются перед 6 сивана, который, таким образом, оказывается пятидесятым днем после Песаха.

Другое объяснение основано на созвучии слова шавуот («недели») и швуот («клятвы»), ибо две клятвы связаны с этим днем: 1. клятва, которую дал народ Израиля при получении Торы, стоя у подножья горы Синай: Наасэ венишма! — «будем исполнять [указания Торы] и изучать [ее, вникая в смысл ее заповедей]!»; 2. клятва, которую дал Вс-вышний: никогда не заменять избранный Им народ Израиля другим народом.

Abraham, Isaac and Jacob

Abraham's son Isaac and grandson Jacob continued his legacy. Jacob, who was also known as Israel, had twelve sons who became the heads of the twelve tribes of Israel. One of Jacob's sons, Joseph, was sold into slavery by his brothers but eventually became a powerful ruler in Egypt. When a famine struck the land of Canaan, Jacob and his family moved to Egypt to live with Joseph.

Over time, the descendants of Jacob's family grew into a large population in Egypt. But the Egyptians began to fear the Israelites' growing power and enslaved them. The Israelites remained in slavery for four hundred years until God sent Moses to lead them out of Egypt. With God's help, Moses led the Israelites through the Red Sea and into the wilderness, where God gave them the Ten Commandments and other laws that would govern their lives.

Праздник Ханука

Ханукальный подсвечник — «Ханукия» — каждый день зажигают на одну свечу больше. Наши наставники учили: «25-е Кислева — начало восьми дней Хануки.

В эти дни не оплакивают умерших и не постятся.Когда греки захватили Храм, они осквернили все масло для светильника.

После победы Хашмонаев они искали масло и нашли только один кувшин, запечатанный печатью первосвященника. В нем было масла лишь на один день, но произошло чудо, и оно горело восемь дней.

На следующий год в эти дни был установлен праздник благодарения и прославления Вс-вышнего.» (Шабат, 21) «Во времена Второго Храма греческие цари издали злодейские указы, запрещающие веру Израиля, не позволяли изучать Тору и исполнять заповеди.

Книга Мишлей (Притчи царя Соломона)

Мишлей — не сборник изречений.

Тот, кто хоть раз присутствовал на вечерней субботней трапезе, имел возможность прикоснуться к мудрости Мишлей, ведь знаменитым гимном «Эшет Хайль» заканчивает царь Шломо свою книгу Притчей, описывая достоинства благонравной женщины:

она верна своему мужу, трудолюбива, хозяйственна, распорядительна, предприимчива, человеколюбива и умна:

«Обманчива прелесть, и суетна красота: жена, боящаяся Господа, прославлена. Дайте ей от плода рук ее, и да прославят ее в воротах (города) деяния ее»

(Мишлей, 31:30-31).

Только учиться и не работать — это противоречит Торе?

«Рабан Гамлиель, сын раби Иeуды аНаси, говорит: Хорошо изучение Торы сочетать с ремеслом… а любое изучение Торы, не сочетаемое с трудом, — сходит на нет и влечет за собой грех» следует понимать буквально, согласно пшату? Первое правило при изучении любой мишны или отрывка из Талмуда.

The history of the Jewish people

The history of the Jewish people is a long and complex one, stretching back thousands of years. According to Jewish tradition, the history of the Jewish people began with the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who were the founders of the religion. These early Jewish people lived in the land of Canaan, which is now modern-day Israel, and were monotheistic, believing in one God.

King David

King David is one of the most significant figures in Jewish history. He ruled the Kingdom of Israel in the 10th century BCE and is known for his military victories and his devotion to God.David was born in Bethlehem and was the youngest son of Jesse, a farmer. He was anointed as the future king of Israel by the prophet Samuel while still a young boy. David initially served as a musician in the court of King Saul, but he gained fame when he defeated the Philistine giant Goliath in battle.

Завтра вечером — день освобождения Иерусалима

28 Ияра — День Иерусалима! 72 г. назад иорданская армия захватила Старый город Иерусалима, полностью очистив его от евреев. Но уже через 19 лет в результате удивительных чудес Шестидневной войны Иерусалим вновь и навсегда вернулся под еврейский контроль, став единой и неделимой столицей еврейского государства.

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